Indian pink was very abundant in the southern part of the United States until around 1830 when it almost became extinct due to over harvesting. The native Americans had found that the root, though poisonous, was a cure for worms in humans, especially roundworms. This treatment was often unpleasant and produced serious side effect, but soon American pharmacists as well as European physicians began to use the plant. The Creeks and Cherokees sold the plant in great quantities for cash. Fortunately, doctors became concerned with side effects- dizziness, rapid heartbeat, vision problems, and convulsions. Finally the use of Indian Pink was discontinued by the 1920's.
Indian pink (Spigelia marilandica) produces trumpet-shaped flowers, red on the outside and yellow inside. They grow in clumps and bloom from March to June. In nature they are usually found in moist woods and along stream beds but grow well in gardens. The flowering season can be extended by removing the withered flowers from the plant. Hummingbirds enjoy the nectar from the flowers and also aid in the process of pollination.
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